The nasal spray flu vaccine is approved for use in healthy non-pregnant individuals, 2 years through 49 years old. People with certain medical conditions should not receive the nasal spray flu vaccine.

Some people should not get the nasal spray flu vaccine:

• Children younger than 2 years
• Adults 50 years and older
• People with a history of severe allergic reaction to any ingredient of the vaccine or to a previous dose of any influenza vaccine
• Children 2 years through 17 years old who are receiving aspirin- or salicylate-containing medications.
• Children 2 years through 4 years old who have asthma or who have had a history of wheezing in the past 12 months
• People with weakened immune systems (immunosuppression) from any cause
• People who care for severely immunocompromised persons who require a protected environment (or otherwise avoid contact with those persons for 7 days after getting the nasal spray vaccine)
• People without a spleen, or with a non-functioning spleen
• Pregnant women
• People with an active leak between the cerebrospinal fluid and the mouth, nose, ear, or other place within the skull
• People with cochlear implants
• People who have taken flu antiviral drugs within the previous 48 hours for oseltamivir and zanamivir, previous 5 days for peramivir, and previous 17 days for baloxavir.

Working of vaccine

Flu vaccine effectiveness (VE) can vary from year to year, among different age and risk groups, by vaccine type, and even by virus type and subtype. Prior to the 2009 flu pandemic, the nasal spray vaccine was found to be effective against different flu viruses. After the 2009 pandemic, several U.S. studies among 2 through 17-year-olds found that the nasal spray vaccine was as effective against influenza B viruses and influenza A(H3N2) viruses as inactivated influenza vaccines, but was less effective than inactivated flu vaccines against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses. These data led ACIP and CDC to recommend against use of the nasal spray vaccine for the 2016-17 and 2017-18 seasons.

Since the 2017-2018 season, the manufacturer of nasal spray vaccine has used new influenza A(H1N1) vaccine virus ingredients in production.  Because of limited use, there have been no effectiveness estimates in the United States since LAIV was recommended again in the 2018-2019 influenza season. Data from other countries have demonstrated protection from LAIV to be similar to that of standard-dose, egg-based inactivated flu vaccine in children.

Side effects

Side effects include runny nose, wheezing, headache, vomiting, muscle aches, fever (low grade), sore throat (in older children).

Conclusion

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Media Contact:
John Kimberly
Editorial Manager
Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination
Email: jvv@scholarlypub.com